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Russia As One Of The World s Superpowers - 1545 Words

Russia stands as one of the world’s superpowers. The same ideals and strength of a people that spawned the Russian Revolution continue to persist nearly a hundred years later and have served in turning the once underdog into a world leader as the second half of the 21st century approached. Revolution: The start of Russia as we know it begins with the fall of the Romanovs. Russia entered the 20th century under the rule of Nicholas II, the last of the Romanovs. Eventually, his incompetency as a leader caught up to him as a series of massive blunders, including the likes of and the Russo-Japanese War. Russia’s poor performance in this conflict, along with general public unrest, led to Bloody Sunday which marks the beginning of the 1905†¦show more content†¦Marxism and communism became commonplace amongst the people of Russia and the once marginalized Bolsheviks and Mensheviks rose to power and prominence. The Bolsheviks and Mensheviks were two Marxist political parties that arose from a split in the Russian Social-Democratic Worker’s Party. The two, despite their differences pushed for many of the sentiments that fueled the Revolution. However, while they began holding large scale conferences as early as 1903 they remained largely uninvolved in the prompting of the 1905 Revolution as they were so estranged they that they had to have their conferences outside of the country. It was the switch from imperialism that started the fire that would soon manifest itself as the February Revolution. The revolution, as much as it was a manifestation of nearly 20 years of tension, above all was jump-started by an overall massive failure in World War I. Russia joined the war after Austria declared war on its ally, Serbia. Food and fuel shortages followed all the while inflation and casualties rose. This ws the straw that broke the camel’s back, so to speak. The first strikes on St. Petersburg hit in 1917 and eventually prompted the February Revolution. The longstanding Romanov dynasty ended when Nicholas II was forced to resign. No time was wasted in seizing up control of the country. The Petrograd Soviet promptly issued Order No.1 claiming control of the armed forces. The order stated that the Soviet had to approve

Principles of Marketing Sales Profits

Question: Writeabout the Principles of Marketingfor Sales Profits. Answer: Marketing is the ability of the management to come up with ways of ensuring the products or services of the company reaches the customers promptly and the right conditions. The marketing process aims at creating value for the client whereas the business benefits from the sales profits. During commercialization, the company must clearly understand the needs of the customers it serves (Hsu, 2013, pp.436-451).Measures or plans must be put to meet the needs which have been identified. The company must decide after that build good customer relation and be able to know the feelings of the customers regarding the products and services it offered to know the right step to undertake. Customer driven strategies aims at creating value for the client by ensuring that their needs are met. Aspects of customer-driven strategies include market segmentation, targeting, differentiation, and position. In this proposal, I am going to look at different steps that can help Asian family run their tradition al tea distributor company. I will name the company QuaTea Company (Armstrong, Kotler, and Opresnik, 2016). Segmentation Strategies Segmentation is the process of dividing the whole market into parts or segments with same needs, characteristics and behaviors to be satisfied by the supplier using specific marketing mixes. In the market, not all areas are potential consumers of the company's products. The company must, therefore, know the different needs of different segments to know which to put a high emphasis on high returns. Segmentation also determines the resource to put in a market segment in terms of time, employees, money, etc. There are many ways of market segmentation and they include: geographic, psychographic, demographic, behavioral and inter-market or cross-market segmentation (Wedel, and Kamakura, 2012). Geographic segmentation divides the market into different geographical units or various locations. They include nations, regions, states, cities, counties, etc. The assumption here is that the consumers in the different location have same needs and therefore the company will succeed if it divides the places. All the areas needs can be satisfied entirely as their needs are known thus customer satisfaction. The people in the markets have unique and with different needs. Psychographic segmentation divides the environment regarding the various classes of the people, different interests, lifestyle, and attitudes. The environment has both poor and the rich thus this makes them be in different categories and with different needs. Demographic segmentation divides the market regarding gender, age, income levels, education levels, religion, ethnicity, etc. The different types of segmentation are age and life-cycle segmentation which divides the market according to the age and life groups of its inhabitants. Gender segmentation divides the market in terms of the sex of the population. Male and females have totally different needs that must be addressed separately. Finally, Income segmentation which divides the population according to its income levels. The poor and the rich needs are totally different and any business must cater for that need. The poor require cheap products which are in small sizes whereas the rich see costly items as the ones of high quality and they purchase in large quantities. Behavioral segmentation is dividing the market regarding consumer knowledge, attitudes, uses and responses to products. People may have different behaviors in demanding the products of a company. These may be due to the occasions, benefits they are looking for in the products and services, their status, resources available and also the loyalty status. Finally, cross- market segmentation is dividing markets or customers with same demands and behaviors, but they are located in different countries. Technological changes in the world leading to globalization enable cross-segmentation necessary for the businesses involved (Pride, 2013). Targeting Strategies Targeting is clearly identifying buyers with the same needs for the company to be able to serve them to their satisfaction. The buyers may be in different market segments. There are many strategies used in targeting strategies, and they include mass, segmented, niche and local/individual targeting. It is important to identify the target willing to supply goods and services to be able to put the right plans by the managers (Jobber, and Ellis-Chadwick, 2012). Mass targeting aims at dealing with the whole market with the one offer. Managers take this decision when the whole market demands one product or service thus it will be easy to serve it whole without dividing it into segments. Segmented targeting aims at providing different sectors in the market with various products or services. It is useful when the demands of the various sections in the market are entirely different. High profits, therefore, will be obtained if the managers differentiate the markets. Concentrated or niche targeting is where the market focuses on a large number of customers but in a smaller market. Micromarketing targeting aims at providing the needs of the individual needs or the needs of the local clients. The manager has to tailor the goods and services to conform their particular requirements to satisfy them ( Lehner, Wang, Marsch, and Hunziker, 2013, pp.742-757). QuaTea firm must identify the best method to reach the customer to get a high return. Using the best targeting and segmentation methods will enable it to serve the client needs and promptly. Choosing the market to segment and target needs intensive market research and consultation. This enables me to know the different demands of the market and know the areas to fully reach for maximum sales. The reasons for targeting and segmentation of the market are; Identify the areas to supply the products of the firm and in return get high sales Identify customers of the firms products Identify the specific needs of the target market Avoid bad marketing choices which may result to losses to the firm. Enable timely delivery of the products to the customers without delays Sustaining marketing Targeting Strategy/Strategies QuaTea Company must put measures to facilitate achievement of the needs of market targeting. Strengthening the targeting strategies, the company must have; Adequate resources to carry out intensive research about the market. A Clear vision of the market segment it serves to avoid any confusion. Awareness of their products life cycles stages to enable them to get right products to the consumer in the required period. Knowledge of the changes in the market to be able to segment the market accordingly to serve them with their specific needs. Aware of their competitors marketing strategies to formulate better strategies and give it a competitive advantage in the market. References Armstrong, G., Kotler, P. and Opresnik, M.O., 2016. Marketing: An Introduction. Pearson Higher Ed. Hsu, Y., 2013. Marketing strategy and its correlation with design strategy and design characteristics: an example of consumer electronic industry. International Journal of Business and Systems Research, 7(4), pp.436-451. Pride, W.M., 2013. Marketing 2014. Cengage Learning. Jobber, D. and Ellis-Chadwick, F., 2012. Principles and practice of marketing (No. 7th). McGraw-Hill Higher Education. Lehner, R., Wang, X., Marsch, S. and Hunziker, P., 2013. Intelligent nanomaterials for medicine: carrier platforms and targeting strategies in the context of clinical application. Nanomedicine: Nanotechnology, Biology and Medicine, 9(6), pp.742-757. Wedel, M. and Kamakura, W.A., 2012. Market segmentation: Conceptual and methodological foundations (Vol. 8). Springer Science Business Media.

Supply and Demand for Hotel Rooms in Australia

Introduction Supply and demand are two vital aspects in any market economy. Supply refers to the quantity of a product that a market can avail. Another definition can be amount of a product that producers are willing to give out at a given price. Demand on the other hand refers to the quantity of a product that customers are willing to buy at a given price.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Supply and Demand for Hotel Rooms in Australia specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The two are key in the determination of a product or service price (Adil, 2006). Usually, a product or service price keeps on varying until a point where the amount of demand at a particular price equals that of the amount supplied at the same price. This point is termed equilibrium. A relationship exists between demand and supply, which is very important in the determination of the amount of resources to be allocated purposes. Demand law and supply law are applicable in any type of market. The law of demand states that, if the price of a commodity is higher, with all other factors remaining constant, then the demand for the same good is low. This is because people cannot opt for the same good while others of the same value exist at a lower price. The law of supply states that when a products price is higher, then producers readily avail it into the market thus increasing supply (Henderson, 2004). Applying the two principles, that is, demand and supply to the hotel rooms in Sydney, Australia will be of great help in the determination of whether to increase or retain the same number of rooms in the city. There is a higher demand for accommodation than the supply is in Sydney and for this reason, more rooms for accommodation is required. This is in line with the laws of economy whereby supply and demand should match at a given point in order to reach equilibrium to ensure a stable economy. State of Supply and Demand for Accommoda tion in Sydney Sydney is a major tourist attraction in Australia and as such, visitors frequent the city. This calls for more accommodation facilities. According to Jones Lang LaSallee Hotels (2010), Sydney is a major Gateway to Australia and receives a higher number of visitors at night compared to any other city in the country. A survey carried out in 1999 on accommodation supply and demand showed that an increase in the number of visitors was to be 7.3% each year in a span of ten years. This gives a suggestion that supply of accommodation should be increased in order to meet the anticipated increase demand. However, this has not been feasible due to higher costs of construction and land purchase, which all along has not been compensated for because of poor market for accommodation (Jones Lang LaSallee Hotels, 2010). Sydney city has all along not reached the anticipated growth in accommodation market. This is attributed to various factors, major ones being; firstly, in 2001 and 20 02 most of accommodation rooms were converted into residential rooms owing to the reason that they are more profitable compared to the former (Jones Lang LaSallee Hotels, 2010).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This fall has not been recovered since then meaning that more accommodation has to be put in place. Secondly, supply of accommodation services has been on the decrease over the last ten year due to their low performance in the market. Thirdly, demand for the same facilities has been low and this has led to many people investing into residential services. In 2007, supply increased by 1,300 rooms which was a number higher than the projected figure. This increase is due to the distribution of accommodation facilities in all parts of the city compared to the earlier trends where accommodation was only available in the city CBD. In the same year, demand for accommodation al so accelerated. Wiltshire (2008) contends that demand and supply for accommodation in Sydney has over the last ten years been imbalanced; supply being higher between December 2005 and June 2006. Between September 2006 and December 2007, demand was higher than supply. In 2008, supply of accommodation was higher than that of demand. With the above rates of demand and supply, more rooms for accommodation are expected. According to a survey conducted by Jones Lang LaSalle Hotels (2010a), 89% of the total 9,923 rooms are hotels. They are all in the Central Business District (CBD) and account for 30% of the accommodation rooms in Sydney. According to their report, demand for accommodation was expected to rise as from last year. This growth is attributed to a number of factors, which include the following; first is the anticipated globe recovery from financial crisis. Once the globe recovers from the crisis, money will be readily available, as the economy will stabilize. This means that ma ny activities such as tourism, sports, and such like activities that calls for accommodation needs will be in place thus accelerating demand. Mostly, local demand was to be on the higher extreme as compared to international one whose growth was to be medium in 2010. Second is the expected rise in demand for accommodation with a figure of 80% and 82.5% through 2012 to 2014 as compared to that of 2009, which range between 74% and 79% (Jones Lang LaSalle Hotels, 2010a). A steady and strong demand for accommodation has been recorded between 2010 and 2011. The figures indicate a steady rise in the demand level for occupancy and this clearly indicates the need for construction or conversion of more and more rooms in Sydney city into accommodation rooms. However, achieving this dream is doomed by various reasons such as high profits gained from alternative uses, scarcity of appropriate land for construction, high costs for construction, poor financial status by the stakeholders and low inc ome from these rooms.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Supply and Demand for Hotel Rooms in Australia specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Lack of Government recognition of hotels as a source of income that can stimulate a stable economic growth has also a big share in low development in the sector. A realization for this with proper planning will see this problem over thus encouraging more supply for accommodation in order to meet demand. Jones Lang LaSalle Hotels (2010a) states that Sydney is a major tourist attraction center as compared to the rest of the cities in Australia due to its two attractions. The two key attractions in Sydney are the Sydney Opera House and Sydney Harbour Bridge. In 2008, the highest number of visitor night was recorded with a figure of 68.9 million. This is the highest number of visitors recorded in Sydney and in the whole of Australia. For the last two decades, the number of internation al tourists has been on the rise. Sydney has activities all year round and as such, many accommodation facilities are required. Upcoming events such like Sydney New Year’s celebrations and the Emirates Melbourne cup tour (Sydney tourist guide, 2011), will add to the demand of more rooms for accommodation. Whenever such events take place in a country, a lot of space is required as, different people come to participate or as spectators with all of them in need of a room to provide shelter. Sydney contributes most to Australian economy and its Central Business District is the biggest in comparison to those of other cities. Large commercial sites such as Parramatta are also in Sydney. Sydney also has other major roles such as hosting headquarters for both the Australian Stock Exchange and Reserve Bank of Australia (Wilttshire, 2008). A good number of banking industries in Australia is located in Sydney. Having all these major responsibilities, there is need to improve the existin g and constructing more other accommodation rooms in order to cater for the current demand. Under normal circumstance, people living in such a city are expected to lead a cheaper life due to the availability of all the necessary facilities at hand. Contrary to this expectation is that, Sydney is has been ranked 16 in number among the most expensive cities in the world (Wilttshire, 2008). The available rooms are given out at a very high price thus affecting the demand. A better solution to such a problem is the provision for more rooms at an affordable price in order to encourage demand.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Proposed accommodation type Supply for accommodation in Sydney is low and for this reason, more accommodation rooms are required. Compared to furnished apartments, motels, hotels and other forms of accommodation, hotels are more preferable due to their cost of construction and rent (Jones Lang LaSalle Hotels, 2010a). The current hotels in Sydney should be upgraded to current standards and new ones put up in order to match the present high demand. Both the government and the private investors are supposed to realize that this type of investment can act as a stable source of income and invest in them. Although due to space, apartments can work best, their cost of construction is high, and this will call for higher prices in order to offset the amount used for construction. Hotels are a bit cheaper and people from all calibers can afford. A factor also to consider is the conversion or the residential rooms within the city back into their initial purposes of accommodation (Wilttshire, 2 008). This has a direct bearing in the reduction of the amount of money that could be used in constructing new rooms. These rooms should be renovated, and upgraded to meet the present accommodation requirement. Conclusion As per the report given by the Jones Lang LaSalle Hotels on accommodation supply and demand in Sydney, there has been a steady increase in accommodation demand. The year 2010 recorded a stronger and stable demand level (The Jones Lang LaSalle Hotels, 2010b). Due to lack of government interest in investing into this kind of business, demand for accommodation has continually increased while supply remains constant. Therefore, more accommodation should be provided and thus meet the demand. Sydney hosts major activities in Australia e.g. major celebrations, state conferences, banking services among others. The living standards in the city are very high and the cost of construction for accommodation equally high. The key issue when it comes to provision of accommodation in Sydney is planning rather than cost. With proper planning, accommodation can be made more available without constraints. To balance demand and supply, more rooms are needed in order to increase supply. References Adil. J., R., 2006. Supply and Demand. Capstone Press, New York. Henderson, H., D., 2004. Supply and Demand. Kessinger Publishing, London. Jones Lang LaSalle Hotels., 2010. Accommodation Demand Trend. Web. Jones Lang LaSalle Hotels., 2010. Accommodation Demand Trend. Web. Sydney Tourist Guide, 2011. Australia Hotel Investment Market. Web. Wilttshire, N., 2008. New Hotel Supply Needed to Drive Future Demand Growth. Web. This essay on Supply and Demand for Hotel Rooms in Australia was written and submitted by user Brayl0n to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.